This research aims to reflect current Korean public sector issues, such as emphasis on innovation and humanistic values (quality of life [QOL] and quality of work life [QWL]), and fill the gap in public service motivation (PSM) research. To analyze the determinants of QWL, the moderating effects of a non-work domain factor (QOL) between work domain factors (PSM, job autonomy, innovative culture, and innovative performance) and QWL are investigated. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of a group relocated to Sejong and a stationary group was conducted. Using survey data, this study reveals that the QWL of the relocation group is lower than that of their counterparts, and that job autonomy, innovative culture, and QOL are effective antecedents of QWL in both groups. In contrast, the effects of PSM and the moderating effects of QOL diverge depending on relocation status. Consequently, this study has both theoretical and practical implications.