A 2 A Dual Loop LDO With Dynamic Negative Feedback Loop and G<sub>m</sub> Boosting Error Amplifier for Off-Chip and Cap-Less Applications | 정준원 교수 연구실 | 숙명여자대학교 전자공학과

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·2024

A 2 A Dual Loop LDO With Dynamic Negative Feedback Loop and G_m Boosting Error Amplifier for Off-Chip and Cap-Less Applications

Ho-Chan Ahn, Chan-Ho Lee, Sang-Yun Nam, Jeong-Hun Kim, H. Park, Hyun-Woo Jeong, Jeeyoung Shin, Woong Choi, Junwon Jeong, Sung‐Wan Hong

IF 5.2IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I Regular Papers

초록

This paper proposes a dual loop low-dropout regulator (LDO) for heavy load current (I<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). The proposed LDO features a fast load transient response and wide output capacitor (C<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) range. The proposed dynamic negative feedback loop (DNFL) enhances the transient response by reducing the undershoot and widening the bandwidth. The transient response is improved further by the proposed dynamic G<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> boosting error amplifier. The C<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> range gets wider thanks to the proposed DNFL, which introduces an additional zero in the feedback loop. The zero secures stability in a wide C<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> range. The prototype of the proposed LDO is fabricated in a 0.5-<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $μ$ </tex-math></inline-formula> m CMOS process. The input voltage (V<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{IN}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) ranges from 2.7 to 4.2 V, while the output voltage (V<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) ranges from 2.4 to 4.0 V. The maximum I<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{L}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is 2 A. The prototype provides enough phase margin across a C<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> range from 0 to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $1 μ$ </tex-math></inline-formula> F. The measured results show a 68-mV undershoot with a load current of 2.5 A/<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $1 μ$ </tex-math></inline-formula> s on a 0-<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $μ$ </tex-math></inline-formula> F C<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> capacitor. When the C<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $1 μ$ </tex-math></inline-formula> F under the same conditions, the proposed LDO features an undershoot of 13 mV. The proposed LDO achieves the best FoM among the state-of-the-art LDOs without and with the off-chip C<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. In cases where the off-chip C<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is not employed, the achieved FoM is 5.228 ps<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $\cdot V / μ$ </tex-math></inline-formula> m2. When using the off-chip C<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $_{O}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, the FoM is 0.624 ps/<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $μ$ </tex-math></inline-formula> m2.

키워드

Loop (graph theory)Feedback loopControl theory (sociology)Boosting (machine learning)AmplifierDual loopOperational amplifierElectronic engineeringPhysicsComputer science

타입

article

IF / 인용수

5.2 / 4

원문

https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2024.3467214

게재 연도

2024

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