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·2025
In-situ post-doping plasma process during atomic layer deposition of Al-doped TiO<sub>2</sub> for sub-nanometer lattice ordering and defect annihilation
Gyuha Lee, Yu Eun Sunwoo, Hyong June Kim, Geongu Han, Je-Heon Oh, Sangwon Lee, Byungjo Kim, Jihwan An
IF 21.3International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing
초록

Abstract Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is extensively used to fabricate doped dielectrics due to its ability to deposit conformal films with atomic-scale thickness control. Al-doped TiO 2 (ATO) is a promising high- k dielectric for dynamic random access memory (DRAM) applications, offering a high dielectric constant with a remarkable leakage-lowering effect by Al acceptor doping. However, ATO fabrication via conventional supercycle-based ALD suffers from severe crystallinity loss during the growth of TiO 2 upon Al doping owing to the dopant-induced lattice disorder. In addition, Al doping cannot reduce any inherent O vacancies (V O ) of TiO 2 , although the original purpose of doping was to address the n-type nature caused by V O . To resolve these limitations, we propose a single-step, in-situ Ar/O 2 post-doping plasma (PDP) process immediately after the Al dopant incorporation. Using the PDP process, simultaneous atomic-scale dopant migration-mediated crystallization and V O annihilation were successfully initiated. Thus, the surface concentration of the dopant decreased, reducing the dopant-induced lattice distortion, while promoting the highly crystallized seed layer-like surface. Consequently, strong rutile-phase recovery was accompanied by enhanced lattice-matched growth. In addition, the PDP process significantly lowers the V O -to-lattice oxygen ratio by facilitating the recombination between reactive O species and V O , increasing the corresponding 0.4 eV of conduction band offset (CBO). Despite the common trade-off between the dielectric constant and leakage, the Pt/PDP-ATO/Ru capacitor exhibited a simultaneous 30% increase in dielectric constant and up to a 1.6-order reduction in leakage current density.

키워드
DopingNanometreAtomic layer depositionMaterials sciencePlasmaLattice (music)In situLayer (electronics)AnnihilationNanotechnology
타입
article
IF / 인용수
21.3 / 0
게재 연도
2025