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·2025
Hydrogen Embrittlement in Resistance Spot and Laser Welds for Advanced High-Strength Steels: Mechanisms, Susceptibility, and Evaluation
R. Rejeesh, Yeojin Jang, Yeong-Do Park
Journal of Welding and Joining
초록

Hydrogen embrittlement (HE) is a critical concern in advanced high-strength steels (AHSS), particularly after resistance spot welding (RSW) and laser welding (LW), where localized microstructural changes and residual stresses exacerbate susceptibility to hydrogen-induced cracking. This review comprehensively examines the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of RSW and LW joints by analyzing key influencing factors such as hydrogen diffusion, trapping sites, and microstructural transformations at the weld and heat-affected zones (HAZ). The study discusses various hydrogen charging methods, including acid immersion and cathodic charging, to simulate real-world hydrogen exposure conditions. To evaluate hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility, a range of mechanical and electrochemical testing techniques are reviewed. For RSW joints, methods such as slow strain rate tensile testing (SSRT), incremental load testing (ILT), and constant load testing (CLT) are explored to assess delayed fracture risks. Additionally, for LW joints, self-restraint bead-on-plate tests are examined, highlighting the role of weld pool dynamics and solidification characteristics in hydrogen trapping. Furthermore, advanced hydrogen quantification techniques, including thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) and gas chromatography with a thermal conductivity detector, are discussed to accurately determine hydrogen concentration and distribution in welded regions. By correlating hydrogen uptake, microstructural evolution, and embrittlement susceptibility, this review provides a systematic understanding of hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms in RSW and LW joints. The insights presented aim to support the development of optimized welding strategies and mitigation approaches, enhancing the structural reliability of AHSS for automotive and industrial applications.

키워드
Hydrogen embrittlementSpot weldingMaterials scienceMetallurgyHigh strength steelEmbrittlementLaserComposite materialWeldingOptics
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2025

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