There are various conduit structures such as arteries, veins, and airways in the human body, and they play critical roles in each tissue/organ. However, in recent years, the demand for artificial substitutes for the damaged conduit structure-based tissues and organs has significantly increased as dietary life has rapidly changed. Accordingly, various studies have been conducted, to develop a conduit structure of biocompatible polymers. In this study a 5 mm-diameter conduit structure was developed, using electrospinning process. An electrospinning setup equipped with a cylindrical-rod collector was constructed to fabricate a fibrous conduit structure, and then the impacts of process conditions on morphological and mechanical properties were investigated. Finally, it was shown that the mechanical properties of the fibrous conduit structure in circumferential direction, can be controlled by the electrospinning process conditions.