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·2025
Cat vs. Dog: Impact of Allergic Pet Sensitizations on Markers of Asthma Severity in an Urban Population
Lauren R. Samuels, B. Patchett, Regan Cronk, Joshua Palma, Ruchi Patel, Granit Mavraj, Ji‐Won Lee, Arash Nikjoo, Chunyan Song, Edward S. Schulman
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
초록

Abstract Rationale: Over 50% of U.S. households have a cat or dog, and ∼30% of people experience allergies to these pets. However, limited research examines whether sensitization to cats vs. dogs result in differing markers of asthmatic severity. We hypothesize a significant difference between these groups. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of asthmatics seen at the Drexel University Severe Asthma Clinics (2008-2019). Patients were separated into two groups: those with a higher allergen-specific IgE to cat vs. dog and vice versa. We also contrasted those sensitized to only cats or only dogs. Sensitizations were identified using the NortheasternU.S. 25 aeroallergens ImmunoCAP™ test. Two-sample unequal variance t-tests compared peripheral blood eosinophil counts (PBEC), total Immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, and pulmonary function tests (PFTs) between groups. Results: Among 532 asthmatics, 200 (37.6%) were cat-, 190 (35.7%) dog-, 163 (30.6%) dual -, 38 (7.1%) cat mono-, and 27 (5.1%) dog mono-sensitized. 161 (30.3%) showed higher sensitization to cats, 63 (11.8%) to dogs, 5 had equal sensitization, and 303 (57%) were not sensitized to either. No significant differences were found between those with higher cat or dog sensitization in PBEC (p=0.17), total IgE (p=0.06) levels, forced expiratory volume in one second (p=0.70), FEV1/forced vital capacity (p=0.46), forced expiratory flow (p=0.92), residual volume/total lung capacity (p=0.33), or diffusing capacity (p=0.48). Mono-sensitized individuals also showed no significant differences. Conclusion: In an urban cat- and/or dog-sensitized moderate to severe asthma cohort, we found that cat sensitization was 2.5x more common than dog sensitization. There were no significant differences comparing the cat or dog predominant dual- or mono-sensitized groups in asthma severity markers (PBECs, total IgE, PFTs). Our data suggest that clinicians should recommend similar avoidance strategies for patients sensitized to either pet.

키워드
MedicineAsthmaPopulationAllergic asthmaDermatologyImmunologyEnvironmental health
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2025

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