Retinomorphic Artificial Synapses In article number 2410892, Nuri Oh, Jun Hong Park, and co-workers introduced a retinomorphic artificial synapse, inspiring the human retina, with multidimensional van der Waals heterojunction. InAs quantum dots are deposited on a WSe2 channel as photon receptors, facilitating efficient short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) detection. As a result, the device adapts to the SWIR signal and emulates biological synaptic properties with a superior image recognition rate, showing potential for machine vision.