Abstract This chapter investigates to what extent the stimulation of nationalistic sentiments generates adverse foreign policy preferences among the Chinese mass public, using a survey experiment. The experiment utilized visual stimuli drawn from real-world sources to stoke respondents’ nationalistic sentiments and measured their foreign policy preferences in the context of the country’s territorial dispute with Japan. The experimental results show that the stimulation of nationalistic sentiments can induce two adverse foreign policy preferences among the Chinese public, namely, a preference for hawkish means and a preference for complete victory, but not in all circumstances. Whether such adverse preferences emerge or not is dependent on the contexts in which nationalistic sentiments are stimulated, specifically whether those sentiments are aroused in relation to the national Self or Others.