As the number of file I/O intensive mobile applications increase, in-memory file systems have gained attention. In-memory file systems provide a fast access to file data, but the main memory of the corresponding mobile devices often suffers due to its capacity limit. To provide mobile applications with more free space, the swap mechanism has been an essential technique for the overcoming of this space insufficiency; however, the existing swap mechanism is inadequate for the file I/O of mobile applications. In this study, a new in-memory file system is devised to improve the current swap mechanism in the legacy in-memory file system, whereby strip-based layouts with separated file-swap partitions are used and unnecessary file- I/O overheads are eliminated. To evaluate the proposed in-memory file system, experiments with the file-I/O benchmark were conducted. The experiment results show that, compared to the current swap scheme, the proposed swap scheme improves the overall performance by ten times on average <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .

A metal-organic framework (MOF) with a hierarchical structure has been synthesized by the assembly of super tetrahedron units of Tb ions and organic tripodal linkers. The zeolite-like network (shown as stick models in the background) contains mesocages in which the smaller mesocages with diameters of 3.9 nm are fused to larger ones of diameter 4.7 nm (represented by space-filling models). The evacuated framework is robust and can accommodate gases or ferrocene molecules For more details see the Communication by J. Kim et al. on page 8230 ff.

As the number of file I/O intensive mobile applications increase, in-memory file systems have gained attention. In-memory file systems provide a fast access to file data, but the main memory of the corresponding mobile devices often suffers due to its capacity limit. To provide mobile applications with more free space, the swap mechanism has been an essential technique for the overcoming of this space insufficiency; however, the existing swap mechanism is inadequate for the file I/O of mobile applications. In this study, a new in-memory file system is devised to improve the current swap mechanism in the legacy in-memory file system, whereby strip-based layouts with separated file-swap partitions are used and unnecessary file- I/O overheads are eliminated. To evaluate the proposed in-memory file system, experiments with the file-I/O benchmark were conducted. The experiment results show that, compared to the current swap scheme, the proposed swap scheme improves the overall performance by ten times on average <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sup> .

A metal-organic framework (MOF) with a hierarchical structure has been synthesized by the assembly of super tetrahedron units of Tb ions and organic tripodal linkers. The zeolite-like network (shown as stick models in the background) contains mesocages in which the smaller mesocages with diameters of 3.9 nm are fused to larger ones of diameter 4.7 nm (represented by space-filling models). The evacuated framework is robust and can accommodate gases or ferrocene molecules For more details see the Communication by J. Kim et al. on page 8230 ff.

Supersized pores: A new mesoporous metal–organic framework that is mainly composed of Tb3+ ions and tripodal carboxylate ligands has cages of 3.9 and 4.7 nm in diameter (see picture). The evacuated framework is robust and can accommodate gases or ferrocene molecules, as verified by gas-sorption measurements and luminescence studies.

Amid the growing interest in sustainable architecture and various methods of discussion, the construction industry is using strategies to induce sustainable architecture through design certification including Green Standard for Energy and Environment Design(G-SEED). In addition, the construction industry recommends using BIM technology for the purpose of digitalization. Currently, the green building certification system has efficiency issues because it evaluates using document data. Therefore, this study was conducted to improve the existing work process by automating the certification evaluation method using BIM data with building information. In particular, we studied how to automatically evaluate the natural ventilation performance of buildings. For this, an automation program has been developed that can analyze the required information, study how to extract it from BIM data, compare it with the standard, and review it. For future research, analyzed the results of the automation evaluation and identified deficieincies. Through this program, errors in the results can be reduced and faster than the existing evaluation method.

Hydrogen, which produces only water when burned and can also be used in fuel cells, is becoming a popular alternative to carbon-based fuels. However, hydrogen’s widespread application is hindered by its explosive risk and low transport and storage efficiency. Ammonia, on the other hand, can be liquefied at a relatively low pressure of 8.6 bar at $20^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ and holds a high hydrogen content of 17.8% by weight, making it an advantageous hydrogen carrier [1]. Hydrogen can be extracted from ammonia using catalysts, plasma, and electrolysis [2]. Catalytic decomposition has the advantage of showing a high ammonia decomposition rate of 95% [3]. Yet, catalytic methods require heating above 700 K and face a slow response time from a cold start [4].

As global aging accelerates and multicultural populations grow, the demand for inclusive design to meet diverse user needs has increased, drawing significant attention to Universal Design in architecture. Traditional Universal Design evaluations based on 2D drawings face limitations in data review and require substantial labor. This study explores using 3D data and Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Universal Design evaluation, leveraging BIM's ability to store and extract architectural information programmatically. Focusing on Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), the standard BIM format, this study categorizes IFC data according to Universal Design guidelines and organizes it by user types, facility types, and locations. The findings demonstrate that IFC data enhances evaluation efficiency, reduces human error, and improves accuracy, promoting its broader application in architectural research such as automated design certification and performance analysis.

The international community&quots interest in ways to promote eco-friendliness is increasing. In the construction field, the ‘Green Building Certification System’ was implemented to induce ecofriendly construction. In addition, the construction industry recommends the use of BIM technology for the purpose of digitalization. The evaluation method of the green building certification system also needs to be digitized. Currently, the green building certification system is evaluated using 2D data. Therefore, this study was conducted to improve the certification method by using BIM data with building information. In particular, the method of evaluating the natural ground green space among the green building certification systems was studied. The ecological environment has become an important item for eco-friendly construction. An automated program was developed that can analyze the information required for evaluation, extract it from BIM data, compare it with the calculation criteria, and review it. Through the program, more accurate and faster evaluation than the existing evaluation method became possible.