Empirical Classification of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Association of Classes With Diagnostic Progression and Cognitive Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease Populations
Jong‐Il Park, Seonjoo Lee, Benjamin Huber, Davangere P. Devanand, Hyun Kim, Terry E. Goldberg
Elder Abuse in Association with Depression and Suicidal Ideation among Community-Dwelling Elderly in Korea
Jong‐Il Park
IF 2.8
Yonsei Medical Journal
There has been limited research on the association between elder abuse and depression, as well as elder abuse and suicidal ideation concurrently. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate this association using the dataset from a nationally representative elderly sample in Korea. This study analyzed the dataset from the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans. Elderly participants (aged over 65 years, n=9920) were included. Multivariate regression analysis was utilized to explore the risk factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation in the context of elder abuse. In this study, 5.1% of the elderly reported having elder abuse in the past year, while 12.8% and 1.9% reported having depression and suicidal ideation, respectively. In addition, among the elderly with depression, 8.4% had experienced elder abuse, while among those reporting suicidal ideation, 17.6% had suffered from elder abuse. Multiple logistic regression revealed that elder abuse is independently associated with both depression [odds ratio (OR) for elder abuse=1.642] and suicidal ideation (OR for elder abuse=3.237). Besides elder abuse, poor subjective health status and poor social support were linked to higher risk of depression and suicidal ideation. Our findings revealed that elder abuse represented a substantial risk factor associated with both depression and suicidal ideation. Implementing preventive interventions to address these risk factors could have significant implications for public mental health.
Brain morphological changes and functional neuroanatomy related to cognitive and emotional distractors during working memory maintenance in post-traumatic stress disorder
Gwang-Won Kim, Jong‐Il Park, Jong-Chul Yang
IF 3.7
Brain Research Bulletin
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with abnormalities in the processing and regulation of emotion as well as cognitive deficits. This study evaluated the differential brain activation patterns associated with cognitive and emotional distractors during working memory (WM) maintenance for human faces between patients with PTSD and healthy controls (HCs) and assessed the relationship between changes in the activation patterns by the opposing effects of distraction types and gray matter volume (GMV). Twenty-two patients with PTSD and twenty-two HCs underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and event-related functional MRI (fMRI), respectively. Event-related fMRI data were recorded while subjects performed a delayed-response WM task with human face and trauma-related distractors. Compared to the HCs, the patients with PTSD showed significantly reduced GMV of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). For the human face distractor trial, the patients showed significantly decreased activities in the superior frontal gyrus and IFG compared with HCs (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). The patients showed lower accuracy scores and slower reaction times for the face recognition task with trauma-related distractors compared with HCs as well as significantly increased brain activity in the STG during the trauma-related distractor trial was observed (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). Such differential brain activation patterns associated with the effects of distraction in PTSD patients may be linked to neural mechanisms associated with impairments in both cognitive control for confusable distractors and the ability to control emotional distraction.
Empirical Classification of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Association of Classes With Diagnostic Progression and Cognitive Decline in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease Populations
Jong‐Il Park, Seonjoo Lee, Benjamin Huber, Davangere P. Devanand, Hyun Kim, Terry E. Goldberg
Elder Abuse in Association with Depression and Suicidal Ideation among Community-Dwelling Elderly in Korea
Jong‐Il Park
IF 2.8
Yonsei Medical Journal
There has been limited research on the association between elder abuse and depression, as well as elder abuse and suicidal ideation concurrently. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate this association using the dataset from a nationally representative elderly sample in Korea. This study analyzed the dataset from the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans. Elderly participants (aged over 65 years, n=9920) were included. Multivariate regression analysis was utilized to explore the risk factors associated with depression and suicidal ideation in the context of elder abuse. In this study, 5.1% of the elderly reported having elder abuse in the past year, while 12.8% and 1.9% reported having depression and suicidal ideation, respectively. In addition, among the elderly with depression, 8.4% had experienced elder abuse, while among those reporting suicidal ideation, 17.6% had suffered from elder abuse. Multiple logistic regression revealed that elder abuse is independently associated with both depression [odds ratio (OR) for elder abuse=1.642] and suicidal ideation (OR for elder abuse=3.237). Besides elder abuse, poor subjective health status and poor social support were linked to higher risk of depression and suicidal ideation. Our findings revealed that elder abuse represented a substantial risk factor associated with both depression and suicidal ideation. Implementing preventive interventions to address these risk factors could have significant implications for public mental health.
Brain morphological changes and functional neuroanatomy related to cognitive and emotional distractors during working memory maintenance in post-traumatic stress disorder
Gwang-Won Kim, Jong‐Il Park, Jong-Chul Yang
IF 3.7
Brain Research Bulletin
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with abnormalities in the processing and regulation of emotion as well as cognitive deficits. This study evaluated the differential brain activation patterns associated with cognitive and emotional distractors during working memory (WM) maintenance for human faces between patients with PTSD and healthy controls (HCs) and assessed the relationship between changes in the activation patterns by the opposing effects of distraction types and gray matter volume (GMV). Twenty-two patients with PTSD and twenty-two HCs underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and event-related functional MRI (fMRI), respectively. Event-related fMRI data were recorded while subjects performed a delayed-response WM task with human face and trauma-related distractors. Compared to the HCs, the patients with PTSD showed significantly reduced GMV of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). For the human face distractor trial, the patients showed significantly decreased activities in the superior frontal gyrus and IFG compared with HCs (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). The patients showed lower accuracy scores and slower reaction times for the face recognition task with trauma-related distractors compared with HCs as well as significantly increased brain activity in the STG during the trauma-related distractor trial was observed (p < 0.05, FWE-corrected). Such differential brain activation patterns associated with the effects of distraction in PTSD patients may be linked to neural mechanisms associated with impairments in both cognitive control for confusable distractors and the ability to control emotional distraction.
The Relationship between ESG Ratings and Executive-Employee Pay Disparity
Yun-Jeong Lee, Jong‐Il Park, Sun-Moon Jung
korean management review
ESG(Environmental, Social, and Governance) 경영이 기업의 전략적 핵심으로 부상하였으나, ESG 등급이 조직 내부의 분배공정성과 어떤 관련성이 있는지는 충분히 규명되지 않았다. 본 연구는 ESG 등급과 경영진-종업원 간 임금격차의 관련성을 분석하고, 내외부 모니터링 기제의 조절역할을 검토한다. 2013년부터 2023년까지 상장사의 3,499개 기업-연도를 표본으로 한국ESG기준원의 ESG 등급과 임금격차를 회귀분석한 결과, ESG 등급과 임금격차는 유의한 양(+)의 관련성을 보였다. 이는 ESG 등급이 높을수록 경영진 보수가 크게 증가하여 기업내 상대적 소득불균형이 확대될 수 있음을 시사한다. 그러나 이와 같은 양(+)의 관련성은 해당 기업에 대한 재무분석가가 존재하거나 대주주지분율이 높은 기업에서는 완화되는 조절효과가 나타나, 내외부 모니터링이 강할수록 활발한 ESG 활동이 경영진 임금 상승요인으로 작용하는 것을 방지할 수 있음을 시사한다.
Differences in Brain Structure and Functional Connectivity During Memory Processing in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Shin-Eui Park, Jae-hee Chung, Jong‐Il Park, Jong-Chul Yang
IF 1.8
Psychiatry Investigation
Our findings provide insights into the specific alterations in brain structure and connectivity associated with PTSD, contributing to a better understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms of PTSD.
Emotional abuse and depression as factors associated with suicidal ideation in community‐dwelling older adults: mediation analysis
Jae‐Hee Chung, Eun‐Jin Jeon, Tae Won Park, Jong‐Il Park, Chung Sangkeun
IF 1.7
Psychogeriatrics
Emotional abuse and depression were found to be associated with suicidal ideation in community-dwelling Korean older adults. Notably, depression was found to buffer the relationship between emotional abuse and suicidal ideation, indicating a mediating effect.
Design and Implementation of Emotional Reactions in Virtual Agents Based on Speech Emotion Recognition
Hyeongil Nam, Kisub Lee, Kangsoo Kim, Jong‐Il Park
Journal of Korean Dance
본 논문은 음성 기반 감정 인식 기술을 활용하여 가상 에이전트의 감정적 반응 시 스템을 설계하고 구현하였다. 구현된 시스템은 사용자의 음성 톤과 발화 내용을 종합 적으로 분석하여 감정 상태를 추정하고, 이를 바탕으로 가상 에이전트가 언어적 및 비 언어적 반응을 제공한다. 이는 혼합현실(MR) 환경에서 사용자 경험을 혁신적으로 향 상시키며, 정신건강 지원, 교육 및 훈련, 사회적 상호작용 강화와 같은 다양한 응용 시나리오에서 실질적으로 활용될 수 있는 가능성이 있다. 다만, 본 연구는 사용자 실 험 및 다양한 데이터셋 평가가 부족하며, 에이전트의 반응이 제한적인 사전 정의된 행 동에 국한된다는 한계가 있다. 이러한 한계에도 불구하고, 본 연구는 가상 에이전트와 의 정서적 상호작용을 강화하는 새로운 가능성을 제시하였으며, 향후 연구를 통해 더 욱 발전된 상호작용 시스템으로 확장될 수 있는 기초를 마련하였다.
Prevalence of mild behavioural impairment and its association with cognitive and functional impairment in normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and mild <scp>Alzheimer's</scp> dementia
Jong‐Il Park, the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
IF 1.7
Psychogeriatrics
Our findings show that MBI is highly prevalent across subjects with CN, MCI, and AD and is associated with cognitive and functional decline. MBI could be a crucial clinical phenotype relevant to the risk of cognitive and functional impairment, and provides a useful dimension pertinent to diagnostic approaches.
Neural Correlates of Emotion–Cognition Interaction During Working Memory Maintenance in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: The Role of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex
Seok-Hyun Nam, Jong‐Il Park, Gwang-Won Kim, Chung‐Man Moon, Jong-Chul Yang
IF 0.6
Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology
The neural correlates for the effect of emotional distraction on working memory (WM) function in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have not been clearly identified. This study utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the effect of emotional distraction during WM maintenance in OCD patients and to determine if the frontoparietal region was involved during the task. Patients with OCD tried to maintain WM during the task-irrelevant anxiety-provoking distractions, which induced interruption and needed attention. Compared with healthy controls, the patients with OCD showed significantly increased activities in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) supplementary motor area during the delayed-response WM task with anxiety-provoking distractors. An increase in the activity of the DLPFC and SMA reflects compensatory efforts of neural circuits to perform cognitive tasks by controlling emotions and inhibiting the interference of anxiety provoking distractors during WM tasks. In addition, the brain areas showed significantly decreased activities during the delayed-response WM task with neutral distractors were superior parietal gyrus and fusiform gyrus. The parietal cortex, along with the DLPFC is the main structure for frontoparietal network and is involved in cognitive control. Therefore, parietal dysfunction in OCD patients prevents them from paying appropriate attention to visual processing for picture distractors during the WM task. Our findings might be helpful for further understanding of the neural correlates that are associated with the effects of emotional distraction on cognitive function in OCD.
