This study suggests that knowledge, education experiences on physical restraints, and work unit were the strongest predictor on nursing practice toward use of patient physical restraints. Therefore, developing and applying evidence-based educational intervention programs by work unit to reduce the inappropriate use of physical restraints in hospitals are required.

There is a need to provide education and training programs that can improve moral sensitivity to foster artificial intelligence ethics awareness.

This study suggests that knowledge, education experiences on physical restraints, and work unit were the strongest predictor on nursing practice toward use of patient physical restraints. Therefore, developing and applying evidence-based educational intervention programs by work unit to reduce the inappropriate use of physical restraints in hospitals are required.

There is a need to provide education and training programs that can improve moral sensitivity to foster artificial intelligence ethics awareness.

Clinical nurses' health literacy competencies should be developed to improve patient-centered care. Nursing education programs should emphasize the integration of health literacy into the nursing school curriculum.

This study aimed to confirm the mediating effects of moral sensitivity between digital literacy and artificial intelligence ethical awareness among nursing students. Participants were 147 nursing students enrolled in universities in G City and J Province. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire from August 25 to 29, 2025. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 28.0 and Process Macro 3.5 program. Digital literacy was positively associated with moral sensitivity (r= .46, p<.001) and artificial intelligence ethical awareness (r= .26, p= .001). Moral sensitivity was positively associated with artificial intelligence ethical awareness (r= .35, p<.001). The mediating effect of moral sensitivity was significantly verified in the relationship between digital literacy and artificial intelligence ethical awareness. According to the results, the impact of digital literacy on the artificial intelligence ethical awareness was mediated by moral sensitivity. Therefore, to increase the artificial intelligence ethical awareness of nursing students, developing programs to enhance moral sensitivity are recommended.

This study aimed to confirm the mediating effects of symptom experiences on the relationship between the body image and quality of life of hemodialysis patients. Data were collected from 153 patients who were diagnosed with ESRD at a tertiary general hospital and receiving regular hemodialysis in Korea. The data were collected between 20 July and 11 August 2023. The following statistical analyses were conducted: t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and Hayes' Process Macro Model 4 (to test the mediating effect). The factors influencing quality of life were body image (β = 0.46, <i>p</i> < 0.001), monthly family income (over KRW 3 million) (β = 0.22, <i>p</i> = 0.002), and symptom experiences (β = -0.20, <i>p</i> = 0.001). The mediation analysis indicated that the symptom experiences mediated the relationship between body image and quality of life. Based on the results, education, counseling, and symptom management programs that can improve body image and reduce symptom experience should be developed, and customized programs that reflect the characteristics of a target population, such as economic level, should be developed and provided.

The main factor in the turnover of new nurses in Korea is burnout, and a high turnover rate can lead to discontinuation in the nursing profession, due to failure to adapt to the organization. This study aimed to examine the mediating influences of an exchange relationship with the preceptor on the relationship between burnout and job retention intention among new nurses in Korea. Data were collected from 210 new nurses in three general hospitals from 2 May to 30 June 2023. The following statistical analysis were conducted: <i>t</i>-test, ANOVA, the Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, and Hayes Process Macro Model 4 (to test the mediating effect). Burnout was negatively associated with job retention intention (r = -0.54, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and the exchange relationship with the preceptor (r = -0.29, <i>p</i> = 0.001). The exchange relationship with the preceptor was positively associated with job retention intention (r = 0.38, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Furthermore, the mediation analysis indicated that the exchange relationship with the preceptor mediated the relationship between burnout and job retention intention. According to the results, the impact of burnout on the job retention intention was mediated by the exchange relationship with the preceptor. Therefore, to increase the job retention intention of new nurses, developing programs to enhance the exchange relationship with the preceptor are recommended.

This study was aimed to identify perception, knowledge, attitude and nursing practice toward use of physical restraints among clinical nurses, and further examined the factors associated with nursing practice toward use of physical restraints. The research participants were 180 nurses from a urban general hospital located in Korea. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires and analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. There were significant negative relationships attitudes towards the use of physical restraints with knowledge (r = -.32, p &amp;amp;lt; .001) and nursing practice (r = -.12, p = .107). Knowledge showed a positive correlation with nursing practice (r = .28, p &amp;amp;lt; .001). Factors affecting nursing practice of clinical nurses were identified as knowledge (β= .23), education experiences (Yes) (β= .18), and work unit (ICU) (β= .43). The explanation power of this regression model was 22% and it was statistically significant (F=7.45, p&amp;amp;lt;.001). The findings from this study suggest that knowledge, education experiences and work unit were the strongest predictor on nursing practice toward use of physical restraints. Thus, we propose that developing and applying evidence-based educational intervention programs by work unit to reduce the inappropriate use of physical restraints in hospitals are required.

The purpose of this study was to translate and adapt a scale to evaluate social justice in nursing students and to examine the validity and reliability within a Korean context. With a survey design, a total of 267 nursing students were recruited, and data were collected using a self-administered study questionnaire to measure their levels of SJS. Using SPSS/WIN 28.0, construct validity, item convergent and discriminant validity, concurrent validity, and internal consistency reliability of the scale was evaluated. Exploratory factor analysis supported the construct validity with a four-factor solution; that explained 55.52% of the total variance. Criterion validity was demonstrated with the Social Issues Advocacy Scale (r = 0.78, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Cronbach's α coefficient for the scale was 0.96. The findings show satisfactory construct and criterion validity and reliability of the Korean version of the SJS for measuring social justice in nursing students.

The developed scale showed content, construct validity, and reliability, as well as convergent validity for each item and discriminant validity between the factors. This makes it suitable for use in a diverse range of future studies on patient safety care activity.