Small-reactor-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has attracted considerable attention. A significant number of tiny reactors must be prepared in parallel to capture, amplify, and accurately quantify few target genes in clinically relevant large volume, which, however, requires sophisticated microfabrication and longer sample-to-answer time. Here, single plasmonic cavity membrane is reported that not only enriches and captures few nucleic acids by taking advantage of both capillarity and hydrodynamic trapping but also quickly amplifies them for sensitive plasmonic detection. The plasmonic cavity membrane with few nanoliters in a void volume is fabricated by self-assembling gold nanorods with SiO₂ tips. Simulations reveal that hydrodynamic stagnation between the SiO₂ tips is mainly responsible for the trapping of the nucleic acid in the membrane. Finally, it is shown that the plasmonic cavity membrane is capable of enriching severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genes up to 20 000-fold within 1 min, amplifying within 3 min, and detecting the trace genes as low as a single copy µL^-1. It is anticipated that this work not only expands the utility of PCR but also provides an innovative way of the enrichment and detection of trace biomolecules in a variety of point-of-care testing applications.

Ruthenium (Ru) is the most widely used metal as an electrocatalyst for nitrogen (N₂ ) reduction reaction (NRR) because of the relatively high N₂ adsorption strength for successive reaction. Recently, it has been well reported that the homogeneous Ru-based metal alloys such as RuRh, RuPt, and RuCo significantly enhance the selectivity and formation rate of ammonia (NH₃ ). However, the metal combinations for NRR have been limited to several miscible combinations of metals with Ru, although various immiscible combinations have immense potential to show high NRR performance. In this study, an immiscible combination of Ru and copper (Cu) is first utilized, and homogeneous alloy nanoparticles (RuCu NPs) are fabricated by the carbothermal shock method. The RuCu homogeneous NP alloys on cellulose/carbon nanotube sponge exhibit the highest selectivity and NH₃ formation rate of ≈31% and -73 μmol h^-1 cm^-2 , respectively. These are the highest values of the selectivity and NH₃ formation rates among existing Ru-based alloy metal combinations.

Small-reactor-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has attracted considerable attention. A significant number of tiny reactors must be prepared in parallel to capture, amplify, and accurately quantify few target genes in clinically relevant large volume, which, however, requires sophisticated microfabrication and longer sample-to-answer time. Here, single plasmonic cavity membrane is reported that not only enriches and captures few nucleic acids by taking advantage of both capillarity and hydrodynamic trapping but also quickly amplifies them for sensitive plasmonic detection. The plasmonic cavity membrane with few nanoliters in a void volume is fabricated by self-assembling gold nanorods with SiO₂ tips. Simulations reveal that hydrodynamic stagnation between the SiO₂ tips is mainly responsible for the trapping of the nucleic acid in the membrane. Finally, it is shown that the plasmonic cavity membrane is capable of enriching severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genes up to 20 000-fold within 1 min, amplifying within 3 min, and detecting the trace genes as low as a single copy µL^-1. It is anticipated that this work not only expands the utility of PCR but also provides an innovative way of the enrichment and detection of trace biomolecules in a variety of point-of-care testing applications.

Ruthenium (Ru) is the most widely used metal as an electrocatalyst for nitrogen (N₂ ) reduction reaction (NRR) because of the relatively high N₂ adsorption strength for successive reaction. Recently, it has been well reported that the homogeneous Ru-based metal alloys such as RuRh, RuPt, and RuCo significantly enhance the selectivity and formation rate of ammonia (NH₃ ). However, the metal combinations for NRR have been limited to several miscible combinations of metals with Ru, although various immiscible combinations have immense potential to show high NRR performance. In this study, an immiscible combination of Ru and copper (Cu) is first utilized, and homogeneous alloy nanoparticles (RuCu NPs) are fabricated by the carbothermal shock method. The RuCu homogeneous NP alloys on cellulose/carbon nanotube sponge exhibit the highest selectivity and NH₃ formation rate of ≈31% and -73 μmol h^-1 cm^-2 , respectively. These are the highest values of the selectivity and NH₃ formation rates among existing Ru-based alloy metal combinations.

Fuel cells recombine water from H₂ and O₂ thereby can power, for example, cars or houses with no direct carbon emission. In anion-exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), to reach high power densities, operating at high pH is an alternative to using large volumes of noble metals catalysts at the cathode, where the oxygen-reduction reaction occurs. However, the sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen-oxidation reaction (HOR) hinders upscaling despite promising catalysts. Here, the authors observe an unexpected ingress of B into Pd nanocatalysts synthesized by wet-chemistry, gaining control over this B-doping, and report on its influence on the HOR activity in alkaline conditions. They rationalize their findings using ab initio calculations of both H- and OH-adsorption on B-doped Pd. Using this "impurity engineering" approach, they thus design Pt-free catalysts as required in electrochemical energy conversion devices, for example, next generations of AEMFCs, that satisfy the economic and environmental constraints, that is, reasonable operating costs and long-term stability, to enable the "hydrogen economy."

Atomically dispersed Pt on defect-rich ceria-carbon enables highly selective glycerol electrooxidation toward C3 products, particularly glycerate. It favors single-carbon adsorption, suppressing C–C cleavage.

Developing highly active and durable catalysts with minimal platinum (Pt) usage is crucial for reducing the overall cost of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, we introduce a scalable synthesis of carbon-bound catalysts using the upcycling of the polystyrene (PS) polymer. Our approach utilizes solvent-based hyper-cross-linking techniques to spontaneously achieve a hierarchically porous structure in a single-step process. The Pt-loaded PS-derived carbon support features a mesopore structure that enhances mass transport for PEMFCs, despite a low Pt loading of 0.05 mgPt cm–2. The catalyst exhibits excellent durability, retaining 92.1% of its initial power density after 30,000 cycles, owing to its carbon-bound structure and the strong interaction between catalyst and support. In contrast, the power density of commercial Pt/C retains only 35.8% after 30,000 cycles. This approach offers a cost-efficient and sustainable method for upcycling PS polymers into highly durable cathode materials for PEMFCs.

Forming defect sites on catalyst supports and immobilizing precious metal atoms at these sites offers an efficient approach for preparing single-atom catalysts. In this study, we employed an Fe-Ce oxide solid solution (FC), which has surface oxygen that reduces more readily than that of ceria, to anchor Rh single atoms (Rh₁). When utilized in the selective catalytic reduction of NO with CO (CO-SCR), Rh₁/FC reduced at 500 °C-characterized by less oxidic Rh state induced by an oxygen-deficient coordination-exhibited superior activity and durability compared to Rh₁/ceria and Rh₁/FC reduced at 300 °C. This Rh single-atom structure was sustained after 100 hours of CO-SCR at 400 °C. Reaction intermediates formed on the catalyst surface were analyzed using in situ diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) under NO and CO flow conditions. Additionally, the catalyst structure and the CO-SCR reaction mechanism were investigated using density functional theory (DFT). While Rh atoms located near surface Fe sites were found to be thermodynamically most stable, both NO and CO preferentially adsorbed on Rh sites. Fe plays a role in stabilizing Rh sites and facilitating oxygen transfer. This work provides valuable insights into the design of highly active and durable single-atom catalysts.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03134196.

Abstract Block copolymer‐templated nanostructured carbons (BNCs) represent a new class of porous materials that offer precise control over pore size, connectivity, and architecture through rational polymer design and self‐assembly. These structural features enable enhanced mass and ion transport, improve triple‐phase boundary formation, and efficient catalyst utilization under practical electrochemical conditions. This Perspective outlines recent advances in BNC synthesis, including solvent‐evaporation‐induced assembly and emulsion‐confined fabrication. The role of pore architecture is examined across key electrochemical systems such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells, metal–air batteries, and carbon dioxide reduction devices, where transport limitations often govern performance. Strategies for tailoring pore structures through molecular‐level control of block copolymer templates are discussed, along with challenges related to selective catalyst placement and scalable production. The integration of BNC frameworks into electrochemical systems offers a promising route toward high‐performance energy conversion and storage technologies through structure‐guided material design.

본 연구는 뮤지엄 3.0과 포스트-뮤지엄(Post-Museum)에 대한 개념과 이론을 바탕으로, 융합적(convergent) 관점에서 관람객의 전시 수용에 대해 접근할 수 있는 연구방법론에 대한 학술적 성찰에서 출발했다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 기존의 관람 경험 연구 방법론의 확장성을 실험하기 위해, 융합적(interdisciplinary) 접근을 통해 이론적·실무적 함의를 도출하는 데 있다. 상술한 연구 목적을 위해, 연구자는《미래긍정: 노먼 포스터, 포스터+파트너스》전시를 연구 대상으로, 문헌 연구와 정량적 설문조사를 병행했으며, 박물관의 품질-가치-충성(Quality-Value-Loyalty Model) 모형을 기반으로 주요 변인 간 관계를 분석했다. 이와 함께 인스타그램 기반의 SNS 빅데이터 분석을 수행하여 융합적(interdisciplinary) 방법론을 통해 가설 검증을 수행했다.<br/> 연구 결과를 종합해보면, 첫째, 내적 동기(Intrinsic Motivation, IM)는 지각된 경험 품질(Perceived Experience Quality, PEQ)과 유의미한 관계성을 보였으며, PEQ는 이용 태도(Attitude toward Exhibition, ATE)및 지속적 이용 의사(Intent to Use Exhibition, ITUE)에 긍정적 영향력으로 작용했다. 둘째, SNS 이미지 및 텍스트 데이터 분석 결과, 관람객들은 특정 전시물과 공간에 집중했는데, 이 결과는 설문조사 결과와 일치했다. 본 연구는 학술적 차원에서 정량적 분석과 빅데이터 분석의 융합을 통해 전시 수용에 대한 연구방법론의 지평을 넓혔다는 의미를 지니며, 향후 디지털 시대의 관람객 연구 및 전시 기획에 실질적인 시사점을 제공할 수 있다.