This paper analyzes the current control characteristics using the virtual q-axis current generation technique when applying dq-axis currents control to a single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor(SP-PMSM). In general, the synchronous reference frame dq-axis currents control is widely used in vector control of 3-phase AC motors and can be expanded to apply to current control of SP-PMSM. Therefore, in this paper, we apply representative techniques, which are the all-pass filter(APF) and second-order generalized integrator(SOGI), for generating a virtual q-axis current component for the dq-axis currents control of a SP-PMSM and examine its operating characteristics. In addition, when applying the virtual q-axis components, we investigate the current control characteristics according to the estimated angular velocity error due to sensorless operation of a SP-PMSM. As a result, the dq-axis current control technique was applied to the operation of the SP-PMSM, and the operation characteristics according to the generation of the virtual q-axis component and the estimated angular velocity error were verified through various experiments.