The amyloid- beta (Aβ) protein is a peptide that plays a central role in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease, originating from the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). The peptide's structural variability is linked to different stages and manifestations of Alzheimer's pathology, making it a critical focus for understanding the disease. Current therapeutic strategies primarily involve pharmacological interventions, but they have met with limited success in altering the course of the disease. Our research introduces an innovative approach to address this challenge by employing electromagnetic waves, specifically at a frequency of 900 MHz We performed comprehensive electromagnetic simulations to explore the effects of this frequency on Aβ structures, aiming to offer an alternative non-invasive treatment avenue. Following these electromagnetic simulations, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out using the Large Scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulation (LAMMPS) software to further investigate the peptide’s response at the atomic and molecular level. These simulations provided insights into the structural dynamics of Aβ under electromagnetic influence, enabling a deeper understanding of the peptide’s behavior. To substantiate the findings from our simulations and the theoretical framework, we conducted a Thioflavin T (ThT) assay and western blot analysis on in vitro Aβ fibril samples which are treated with electromagnetic (EM) wave exposure using a TEM cell device. After 3 hours of EM wave exposure, a noticeable decrease in Aβ fibrils was observed. This experimental validation was essential in confirming the simulation results and reinforcing the theoretical basis of our approach. Together, simulations and experimental evidence provide a strong foundation for exploring electromagnetic-based treatments as a potential therapeutic intervention for Alzheimer’s disease.

In this letter, a new wire patch cell (WPC) geometry adopting two hexagon-shaped patches and six metallic ground props has been proposed for in vitro experiments at 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi band. Unlike the conventional WPC, which holds four 35 mm Petri dishes, the proposed WPC can accommodate six 35 mm Petri dishes, each filled with biological medium for cell culture. The increase in the number of available Petri dishes from four to six gives rise to reducing the total time required for in vitro biological experiments. The grounding props positioned close to Petri dishes enlarge the high H-field region, which may be beneficial for achieving a high SAR. In this work, DMEM solutions are used as cell culture medium. The WPC system surrounded by electromagnetic absorbers in shielding box showed a return loss of greater than 10 dB at the 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi band. The SARs for DMEM solutions with 2 mL and 3 mL per dish were demonstrated as 3.77 W/kg and 3.49 W/kg, respectively, when a 0.5 W RF signal was supplied. The proposed WPC provided a high level of efficiency considering SAR, RF input power, and cell culture conductivity compared with other structures.